Retirement: Metal and Textiles Age Differently
Textiles have a date, metal does not. Petzl and Black Diamond both cap plastic and textile products at ten years from the date of manufacture, whether or not the item has ever been used, and both state that age alone does not retire metal hardware. So a rope, harness, helmet or sling has a calendar running against it from the day it was made, while a carabiner is judged on inspection, deformation, wear and what has happened to it. Five checkers on this page work through that, one per piece of gear.
| Gear | Reference standard | Age ceiling, unused |
|---|
| Rope | UIAA 101 | 10 years |
| Harness | EN 12277, UIAA 105 | 10 years |
| Helmet | EN 12492, UIAA 106 | 10 years |
| Slings | EN 566, UIAA 104 | 10 years nylon, 8 Dyneema |
| Carabiner | EN 12275, UIAA 121 | No age limit on metal |
Age ceilings are the figures each checker applies for an item that has never been used; every one of them shortens with use, down to a single year for daily climbing on most of this list. The standards column names the document each page references, not a retirement age: none of these standards publishes one.
The rule the whole cluster shares is short. Doubt is itself a reason to retire. Where a standard or a manufacturer does not define a threshold, and mostly they do not, the judgement is yours, and the cost of being wrong is not symmetrical. Not knowing an item's full history counts as doubt, which is why found gear and second hand soft goods go straight out of service.
Straight to the question you probably arrived with: a damaged carabiner is retired, not repaired; a helmet that took a real impact is finished that day; a sling you found in situ is never trusted; a rope with visible core is done in its current length; and a harness showing its wear indicator goes out of service today.
Frequently asked questions
What climbing calculators are on this site?
Nine, in two groups. Four are planning and physics tools: a grade converter between French, Yosemite, UIAA and Hueco systems, a rope length calculator, a fall factor calculator and an anchor load calculator. The other five are retirement checkers, one each for ropes, harnesses, helmets, slings and carabiners, which score age, use and damage history and return a verdict.
Which UIAA standard applies to which piece of gear?
UIAA 101 covers dynamic ropes, UIAA 104 slings, UIAA 105 harnesses, UIAA 106 helmets and UIAA 121 carabiners, alongside the European standards EN 892, EN 566, EN 12277, EN 12492 and EN 12275. Each retirement page links the document that applies to it. Read what those standards are for: they define what a product must do when it is new and tested in a laboratory, and none of them publishes a retirement age.
How often should I inspect climbing gear?
Before every session, and in detail at least once a year. The quick check is visual and by feel, and it is what the checklists on each retirement page are written for. Petzl recommends a detailed inspection at least every twelve months on top of that, and treats a serious fall or load, a failed inspection, an unknown history or any doubt about condition as reasons to retire an item on their own.
Are these climbing calculators free?
Yes. Every calculator here is free, with no account, registration or subscription. They are reference tools rather than a substitute for instruction: the verdicts are starting points, and the gear in your hands is what decides.